Pre-colonial Guyana

The principal individuals to arrive at Guyana went from Asia, maybe possibly to the extent that 35,000 years prior. These first tenants were migrants who gradually spread south into Central America and South America. Albeit incredible civic establishments later emerged in the Americas, the structure of Amerindian culture in the Guianas remained generally straightforward. At the time of Christopher Columbus' voyages, Guyana's occupants were isolated into two gatherings, the Arawak along the coast and the Carib in the inner part. One of the legacies of the indigenous people groups was the saying Guiana, frequently used to depict the area enveloping cutting edge Guyana and also Suriname (previous Dutch Guiana) and French Guiana. The statement, which signifies "place where there is waters", is exceedingly suitable, considering the range's large number of streams and streams.

Antiquarians conjecture that the Arawak and Carib began in the South American hinterland and moved northward, first to the present-day Guianas and afterward to the Caribbean islands. The Arawak, predominantly cultivators, seekers, and anglers, relocated to the Caribbean islands before the Carib and settled all through the area. The serenity of Arawak society was disturbed by the entry of the contentious Carib from the South American inside. Carib warlike conduct and fierce development north had an effect still examined today. Before the end of the fifteenth century, the Carib had relocated the Arawak all through the islands of the Lesser Antilles. The Carib settlement of the Lesser Antilles likewise influenced Guyana's future improvement. The Spanish pioneers and pilgrims who came after Columbus found that the Arawak demonstrated less demanding to prevail over than the Carib, who contended energetically to keep up their flexibility. This furious safety, alongside an absence of gold in the Lesser Antilles, helped the Spanish accentuation on victory and settlement of the Greater Antilles and the terrain. Just a frail Spanish exertion was made at combining Spain's power in the Lesser Antilles (with the doubtful exemption of Trinidad) and the Guianas.

History of Guyana – A Glance

Guyana is a supreme ruler state on the northern coast of South America. Although Guyana is part of the Anglophone Caribbean, it is one of the few Caribbean countries that is not an island. Georgetown is the capital city of Guyana. Let us have a look of history of this country. 

Ancient History

Arawaks and Caribs were the primary familiar tribes to inhabit South American nation. The peaceful Arawak inhabited the coast, whereas the Carib lived within the rain forest, as several still do. Existing tribes embrace the Wapishiana, Akawaio, Macushi, Patamona, and also the Wai Wai. Anthropologists believe these peoples could have originated farther midland in South America and inhabited South American nation throughout territorial enlargement.

Colonial South American Nation

Columbus hawk-eyed South American nation in 1498, however failed to anchor. Instead, the primary European settlers were the Dutch. although they established fertile plantations on rescued land, land took command in 1814, in one aftereffect of the Napoleonic Wars.

In 1831, 3 separate settlements united into British Guiana. Laborers were foreign for the plantations; their descendants would bring South American nation nice diversity. a 3rd of the fashionable population descends from African slaves delivered to grow sugar. Nearly [*fr1] comes from archipelago laborers foreign when slavery finished. maybe 100 percent of the population is human, living largely within the hinterlands. alternative ethnic teams embrace descendants of British, Portuguese, and Chinese immigrants.

After war II, the colonial world finished. As South American nation emotional towards independence, 2 factions fashioned, one among Indo-Guyanese and one among Afro-Guyanese. Independence came in 1970, although South American nation remains a Commonwealth nation.

Kamachara River, Guyana

The most accurate method for determining the Qiblah direction for mosques is the Sun. For most of the days at a specific time of the day, the sun shadow of a Sundial directly faces the Qiblah or the opposite of the S.D. shadow faces Qiblah direction. Also at noon time S.D. shadow or its opposite points to the Geographical North . These times can be calculated for everyday for any desired location.

  Location: Kamachara River, Guyana

                Most people do not have access to programs that calculate the time when the Sundial shadow (or the opposite) points to the Qiblah direction; therefore, we at the Islamicfinder have decided to provide this service to help all Muslims Insha Allah to determine the Qiblah direction accurately provided that they use very accurate watch (or GPS timer).

Kama

The kama (鎌 or かま?) (sometimes referred to as the kai or double kai. Kama that are made with intentionally dull blades are for kata demonstration purposes being referred to as kata kai) is a traditional Filipino and Japanese farming implement similar to a small scythe used for reaping crops and also employed as a weapon. The kama is often included in weapon training segments of karate, silat and more obscurely in some Chinese martial arts.

Lesser Scaup

Adults are 15–19 in (38–48 cm) long, 16.5–17 in (42–43 cm) on average. Males weigh 28–30 oz (790–850 g), or 29 oz (820 g) on average; females are a bit smaller and weigh noticeably less, 26 oz (730 g) on average. Wing lengths (not wingspans) are about 7.5–7.9 in (19–20 cm) in males and 7.3–7.8 in (19–20 cm) in females; the tarsus is about 1.4–1.5 in (3.6–3.8 cm) long, and the bill 1.4–1.7 in (3.6–4.3 cm).

The adult males (drakes) in alternate plumage have a black, effervescent head and a small tuft at the hindcrown, a black breast, a whitish-grey back and wings with darker vermiculations and black outer and geyish-brown inner primary remiges. The underparts are white with some olive vermiculations on the flanks, and the rectrices and tail coverts are black. Adult females (hens) have a white band at the base of the bill, often a lighter ear region, and are otherwise dark brown all over, shading to white on the mid-belly. Drakes in eclipse plumage look similar, but with a very dark head and breast, little or no white on the head and usually some greyish vermiculations on the wings. Immature birds resemble the adult females, but are duller and have hardly any white at the bill base. Both sexes have white secondary remiges, a blue-grey bill with a black "nail" at the tip and grey feet; the drakes have a bright yellow iris, while that of females is orange or amber and that of immatures is brown. Downy hatchlings look much like those of related species, with dark brown upperparts and pale buff underparts, chin, supercilium and back spots.

These birds are not very vocal, at least compared to dabbling ducks. Hens give the namesake discordant scaup, scaup call; in courtship drakes produce weak whistles. Hens vocalize more often than those of the Greater Scaup – particularly during flight –, but their call is weaker, a guttural brrtt, brrtt.